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Fred Ebb
Fred Ebb (April 8, 1928 – September 11, 2004)〔U.S. Census, April 1, 1930, State of New York, County of Bronx, enumeration district 188, p. 1-B.〕 was an American musical theatre lyricist who had many successful collaborations with composer John Kander. The Kander and Ebb team frequently wrote for such performers as Liza Minnelli and Chita Rivera.
== Background ==
Ebb was born in Manhattan, to Anna Evelyn ( Gritz) and Harry Ebb.〔("Fred Ebb Biography" ) filmreference.com, accessed August 21, 2011〕 He had two sisters, Norma and Estelle. He worked during the early 1950s bronzing baby shoes, as a trucker's assistant, and was also employed in a department store credit office and at a hosiery company. He graduated from New York University with a bachelor's degree in English Literature, and also earned his master's degree in English from Columbia University.〔McKinley, Jesse.("Fred Ebb, 76, Lyricist Behind 'Cabaret' and Other Hits, Dies" ) ''The New York Times'', September 13, 2004〕
One of his early collaborators was Phil Springer, and a song they wrote together ("I Never Loved Him Anyhow") was recorded by Carmen McRae in 1956.〔("Carmen McRae Discography" ) carmenmcraediscography.com, generated on August 22, 2006, accessed August 21, 2011. The song was registered for copyright and recorded by McRae under the title "Never Loved Him Anyhow".〕 Another song Ebb wrote with Springer was "Heartbroken" (1953), which was recorded by Judy Garland, the mother of his future protégée, Liza Minnelli. Other Springer-Ebb tunes include "Moonlight Gambler" and "Nevertheless I Never Lost the Blues". "Don't Forget", which he wrote with Norman Leyden, was recorded by singer Eddy Arnold in 1954.〔"Full Notes on Arnold's Top Records", ''Billboard'', January 15, 1955, special Eddy Arnold section, p. 28.〕
On his first theatrical writing job, he co-wrote the lyrics for the musical revue ''Baker's Dozen'' in 1951.〔"‘Baker's Dozen’ to Open March 8", ''The New York Times'', February 26, 1951, p. 32.〕 He wrote songs with Norman Martin for the revue ''Put It in Writing'' (1962). He also worked with composer Paul Klein from the early 1950s onward,〔A few of their songs from U.S. Copyright Catalog registrations: "Chummley the Camel" (1951), "Little Toy Song" (1951), "Live" (1951), "I Got Your Number" (1953), "Return to Sender" (1953), "Varsity, U.S.A" (1953), "Alone Again" (1954), "Lovin' Around" (1954).〕 contributing songs to the cabaret revue ''Isn't America Fun'' (1959)〔"Isn't American Fun?" (advertisement), ''The New York Times'', April 5, 1959, p. X4.〕 and the Broadway revue ''From A to Z'' (1960), directed by Christopher Hewett. With Klein, Ebb wrote his first book musical, ''Morning Sun''. Originally, Bob Fosse was attached as director. Fosse eventually withdrew from the project, and the show was unsuccessful.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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